Among the least transparent are countries which are top exporters of small arms and light weapons, such as China, the Russian Federation, Iran, and Israel. If the most transparent countries have room for improvement, one can imagine the challenge of increasing the worst offenders’ reporting transparency.
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The OSCE report finds that war crimes trials have been plagued by delays and a lack of capacity, and concludes that there has been a systemic failure to adjudicate war crimes trials in a timely and effective manner. Despite the importance of war crimes trials, the case of Kosovo demonstrates that it can easily be pushed to the side by day to day issues, leading to an ever-expanding cycle of delays.
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The framework is based on the Swedish SSR conditions but is also intended for use by other governments, institutions, and actors. Constantly evolving, the document hopes to remain a dynamic resource for planners, technical experts and advisors, and desk officers.
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Pakistan’s strategic concerns can no longer be ignored by the United States if reconciliation is to move forward. As long as Pakistan feels threatened by India, and perceives a pro-Indian Afghanistan and United States, it will continue to have the incentive to prevent peace from moving forward.
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Due to violent confrontations between rival gangs, segregation has been used in Latin America, Brazil and around the world. In most cases, segregation does have short-term security benefits, but at the same time it “[gives] imprisoned gang leaders control over inmate life, effectively turning prisons into gang recruiting and training centres.”
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The Calderon administration’s detention-focused anti-corruption strategy is doomed to fail as long as it ignores the source of DTOs’ power: money. The general consensus amongst drug policy experts is that the Mexican government has not done enough to dismantle the DTOs’ vast financial networks.
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A spate of attacks by soldiers targeting police officers has underscored the need for security sector reform to establish clear oversight mechanisms and delineate security roles for the police and armed forces in Ghana.
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If independence does occur, Southern Sudan’s ongoing process of state formation will remain challenging. Piecemeal disarmament may in fact create more difficulties than it solves—privileging one community or ethnic group over another, marginalizing local authorities, and stoking further resentment in an already impoverished populace.
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In many ways, South Africa has come full circle in its approach to policing, yet one can only hope they have learned from past failures, and will not be doomed to repeat them.
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